More than 100 different pharmaceuticals have been detected in water throughout Asia, Australia, Canada, and Europe. It is basically a problem everywhere. A MEMS device called lab-on-a-chip, which is more frequently being referred to as a nanosensor, is being put to use to help monitor what's in drinking water. Micro- and nanofabrication technology is used to create small, portable, and highly accurate sensors to detect chemical and biochemical parameters and pollutants in water. A lab-on-a-chip is basically about the size of a thumb drive and has super tiny channels etched into it and as it moves through the channels, the water reacts with various materials (and in some cases nanomaterials) placed within the channels that allows us to detect for chemicals like chlorine, fluoride, phosphates and copper, but the tes may be for anything. Nanomaterial based virus filter is capable of filtering the smallest of particles due to it’s nano size alumina fiber, which attracts and retains sub-micron and nanosize particles. A disposable filter of this type retains 99.9999+% of viruses at water flow rates of several hundred times greater than virus-rated ultra porous membranes.