Production of titanium–cerium nanocomposites

 Ocimum tenuiflorum Leaf Extract is used in the Synthesis of Ti–Ce–NCs
The process of obtaining extracts of Ocimum tenuiflorum leaves involves the addition of 200 g of finely powdered dried leaves to 1000 ml of methanol. The suspension is intermittently shaken for a few hours. Subsequently, the extract is filtered and then centrifuged to obtain clear extract. This plant extract serves as a green reducing agent in the production of titanium–cerium nanocomposites (Ti–Ce–NCs).
The synthesis process is initiated by combining 50 mM cerium nitrate hexahydrate with 50 mL of ethanol in a beaker with continuous stirring. Simultaneously, titanium (IV) dioxide is introduced into distilled water, maintaining the consistent stirring motion. When these two solutions are brought together,15 mL of freshly prepared O. tenuiflorum leaf extract  is added to the earlier mixture, maintaining continuous stirring. As a result, the mixture becomes dark brown color, and after 2 h, a yellow precipitate settles at the bottom. This yellow precipitate goes through three rounds of centrifugation at 15,000 rpm, followed by overnight drying in an 80 °C oven. The resulting material is further processed by grinding using a mortar and pestle. Lastly, it is subjected to a calcination process at 500 °C for a duration of 4 h, resulting in the production of a fine yellow powder of Ti–Ce–NCs.