Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death, but the recent identification of a number of blood serum proteins that are significant contributors can now be indicators of cardiac disease. Researchers at The University of Texas at Austin have reported that early diagnosis of a heart attack may be done using only a few drops of saliva and a new nano-bio-chip developed for this purpose. Research group has developed a series of compact nano-bio-chip sensor devices that are biochemically-programmed to detect sets of these proteins in saliva. The method of operation is that patients saliva is transferred to a nano-bio-chip which is then loaded into an analyzer that manipulates the sample and analyses the patient’s cardiac status on the spot. The test can reveal whether a patient is currently having a heart attack and that he/she should receive treatment quickly. It can also tell a patient whether there is a high risk of having a future heart attack. This test has the ability to measure all proteins in one setting and to use a noninvasive saliva sample, where low protein levels make such tests difficult even with large and expensive lab instruments according to McDevitt. It is observed that saliva tests were nearly equivalent to more standard tests on blood serum using FDA-approved.