Nanomaterials manufacturing industries make metals and metal oxides, as well as quantum dots, fullerenes, nanotubes and nanofibres. The main NMs currently produced include nanopowders (metals, metal oxides and alloys), magnetic NMs, CNTs, nanoceramics, nanosilica, quantum dots (metal and semiconducting nanocrystals), polymer composites containing NMs and thin films. The main current applications of NMs are in catalysts, lubricants and fuel additives, paints, pigments and coatings, conductive inks and printing materials, cosmetics and personal care products (e.g. sunscreens), drug delivery/bionanotechnology, functional coatings (e.g. on glass, textiles), hydrogen storage and fuel cell applications, nanoelectronics and sensor devices, optics and optic devices, security and authentication applications, structural (composite) materials, therapeutics, medical and dental and UV light absorbers and free-radical scavengers.