Information and communication technology is an important and rapidly growing industrial sector with a high rate of innovation. Enormous progress has been made by making a transition from traditional to nanotechnology electronics. Nanotechnology has created a tremendous change in information and communication technology.

Breakthrough in information and communication technology due to nanotechnology can happen in two steps. First step is top-down miniaturization approach which will take conventional microstructures across the boundary to nanotechnology. Secondly, in the longer term, bottom-up nanoelectronics and nanosystem engineering will emerge using technologies such as self-organization process to assemble circuits and systems.

Development are taking place on ultra-integrated (opto)electronics combined with powerful wireless technology as low-price mass products, ultra miniaturization, the design of innovative sensors, production of cheap and powerful polytronic circuits, novel system architectures using nanotechnology for future DNA computing which is interface to biochemical processes and quantum computing which can solve problems for which there are no efficient classical algorithms. Due to the development of nanoelectronic components, quantum cryptography for military and intelligence applications is emerging.

Memory storage before the advent of nanotechnology relied on transistors, but now reconfigurable arrays are formed for storing large amount of data in small space. For example, we can expect to see the introduction of magnetic RAMs and resonant tunnel elements in logical circuits in the near future. Every single nanobit of a memory storage device is used for storing information. Molecular electronics based on carbon nanotubes or organic macromolecules will be used.

Nano amplification and chip embedding is used for building semiconductor devices which can even maintain and neutralize the electric flow. Integrated nanocircuits are used in the silicon chips to reduce the size of the processors. Approaches promising success in the medium term include e.g. rapid single-flux quantum (RSFQ) logic or single electron transistors.

Picture quality and resolution of display devices has improved with the help of nanotechnology. Nanopixelation of these devices make the picture feel real. Similarly frequency modulation in audio devices has been digitized to billionth bit of signals.

In the field of data processing and transmission development of electronic, optical and optoelectronic components are expected to lead to lower cost or more precise processes in the field of manufacturing technology. Development of nanoscale logical and storage components are made for the currently dominant CMOS technology using quantum dots and carbon nanotubes. Photonic crystals have potential for use in purely optical circuits as a basis for future information processing based solely on light (photonics). In molecular electronics, nanotechnology can be used to assemble electronic components with new characteristics at atomic level, with advantages including potentially high packing density. Smaller, faster and better components based on quantum mechanical effects, new architectures and new biochemical computing concept called DNA computing are possible with nanotechnology. The new phenomenon, called the "quantum mirage" effect, may enable data transfer within future nanoscale electronic circuits too small to use wires.

Nanotechnology is the next industrial revolution and the telecommunications industry will be radically transformed by it in the future. Nanotechnology has revolutionized the telecommunications, computing, and networking industries. The emerging innovation technologies are:

*Nanomaterials with novel optical, electrical, and magnetic properties

*Faster and smaller non-silicon-based chipsets, memory, and processors

*New-science computers based on Quantum Computing

*Advanced microscopy and manufacturing systems

*Faster and smaller telecom switches, including optical switches

*Higher-speed transmission phenomena based on plasmonics and other quantum-level phenomena

* Nanoscale MEMS: micro-electro-mechanical systems