The use of gold nanoparticles is not new but used to detect toxins, pathogens and cancers and are a subject of much experimentation. Various types of cancers have different proteins on their surfaces. Sofar gold nanoparticles shaped like rods were used as specialized antibodies to latch onto the protein for detection purposes. Now gold nanoparticles can be made to penetrate into the nuclei of cancer cells to prevent the multiplication and to kill them. Scientists at the Georgia Institute of Technology have demonstrated this technique. They incorporated the cells with an argininge-glycine-aspartic acide petipde (RGD) to bring the gold nano-particles into the cytoplasm of a cancer cell, but not the healthy cells and a nuclear localization signal peptide (NLS) to bring it into the nucleus. As the cancer cells start dividing, gold nanoparticles interfere collapses them.