Synthetic polymeric materials are used to replace traditional materials such as metals, wood etc. in the construction and fabrication industries. But these synthetic materials are flammable and hence flame-retardant compounds are added to decrease their flammability. But the environmental regulation prohibits the use of some halogenated flame-retardant additives. In the market salt of melamine and phosphoric acid are available for use as halogen free flame retardant/smoke suppressant agent for thermoplastics, polyofins, elastomers, engineering resins, paints and intumescent fire retardant coatings and it can partly replace Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP). However nanoparticle fillers are highly attractive for this purpose, because they can simultaneously improve both the physical and flammability properties of the polymer nanocomposite. Here carbon nanotubes form a jammed network structure in the polymer matrix and it behaves rheologically like a gel in a variety of highly extended carbon-based nanoparticles such as single- and multiwalled nanotubes as well as carbon nanofibres.